Dahua DVR Authentication Bypass - CVE-2013-6117

[Jake Reynolds <Jake@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>]

Dahua DVR Authentication Bypass - CVE-2013-6117

--Summary--

Dahua web-enabled DVRs and rebranded versions do not enforce authentication on 
their administrative services.

# Zhejiang Dahua Technology Co., Ltd.
# http://www.dahuasecurity.com

--Affects--

# Dahua web-enabled DVRs
# Dahua-rebranded web-enabled DVRs
# Verified on v2.608.0000.0 and 2.608.GV00.0

--Details--

Dahua web-enabled DVRs utilize fat-client utilities like PSS, mobile client 
interfaces like iDMSS, and an ActiveX control, "webrec.cab" for browser-based 
access. These clients communicate with an administrative service which runs on 
TCP port 37777 by default and can be changed. At least in the case of the 
ActiveX control, a simple binary protocol is used. The various commands 
supported by the server are not authorized in any way. Authentication simply 
serves as a way to let the client transition past the login screen. Various 
commands can be replayed to any DVR sans authentication. These include:

# Get the firmware version
# Get the serial number
# Get the email settings (includes username, SMTP server, and cleartext creds)
# Get the DDNS settings (includes the DDNS service, server, and cleartext creds)
# Get the NAS settings (again, cleartext creds)
# Get the users (username, group membership, and hashed passwords)
# Get the user groups (group name, description, etc)
# Get the channels (camera channel names, e.g. "bedroom" "cocina")
# Clear the logs (handy)
# Change a user's password (unauthorized access)

More Details: 
http://blog.depthsecurity.com/2013/11/dahua-dvr-authentication-bypass-cve.html

--MetaSploit Module--

We wrote a MetaSploit scanner module as a proof of concept. It is multithreaded 
and can look for a specified port, scan networks, find DVRs, get all the above 
info, change a user's password, and clear the logs when it's through. 

# GIT Repo: https://github.com/depthsecurity/dahua_dvr_auth_bypass.git

--Other Concerns--

# Some nearly simultaneous research independent of mine: 
http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/800094 
# CVE-2013-3612: DVRs listen for telnet by default and the root password is 
static and publicly known on all devices. 
(http://www.cctvforum.com/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=32408) 
# Other backdoor accounts exist, including one with a revolving password that 
is a simple date hash.
# CVE-2013-3613: UPnP requests from untrusted addresses is supported and could 
be used to get publicly accessible telnet on a DVR.
# CVE-2013-3614: Passwords are limited to 6 chars.
# CVE-2013-3615: A weak 48-bit hash is utilized to protect DVR account 
passwords. 
# We admittedly did not perform any serious fuzzing of the vulnerable service 
so there is a large potential for more serious vulnerabilities that allow RCE. 
# Also, the DVRs listen on many different ports including telnet besides those 
necessary for web access (TCP/80,37777,&37778 by default). 
# SMTP, NAS, and DDNS credentials were all stored and transferred in cleartext. 

--Mitigation--

The best advice for now is to make sure these devices are not publicly 
accessible to the internet. Dahua initially stated they would work on fixing 
the issues but went radio silent afterwards.

--Timeline--

# 8/26/2013: Identified authorization flaw
# 8/27/2013: Wrote proof of concept tool/scanner
# 8/28/2013: Disclosed issue to Dahua
# 8/30/2013: Received initial response from Dahua including request for more 
info
# 8/30/2013: Responded to Dahua with requested info
# 9/2/2013: Received confirmation that Dahua R&D is working to fix the issue
# 10/2/2013: Requested status update from Dahua
# 10/10/2013: Re-requested status update from Dahua after no response from 
10/2/2013
# 11/13/2013: Publicly disclosed vulnerability

Jake Reynolds - Partner / Principal Consultant